task4题目 Reading Part:

　　Social interaction

　　People deal with each other every day. This interaction is at the heart of social life. The study of social interaction is concerned with the influence people have over one another’s behavior. People take each other into account in their daily behavior and in fact, the very presence of others can affect behavior.For example, one principle of social interaction, audience effects, suggests that individuals’ work is affected by their knowledge that they are visible to others, that the presence of others tends to alter the way people behave or perform an activity.

　　Question:

　　Explain how the examples of tying shoes and learning to type demonstrate the principle of audience effects.

　　答案解析：

　　1. Reading key

　　(1.1) Term: Audience Effect

　　(1.2) Definition: audience effects, suggests that individuals’ work is affected by their knowledge that they are visible to others

　　2. Listening key

　　(2.1) Example 1

　　(2.1.1) Two groups of students were ask to tie their shoes

　　(2.1.2) One group knew they were being watched

　　(2.1.3) The other group didn’t

　　(2.1.4) First group tie their shoes a lot faster than the second group

　　(2.2) Example 2

　　(2.2.1) The same thing happens when we are learning a new activity

　　(2.2.2) When we know we are being watched when learning how to type

　　(2.2.3) We would type faster with more mistakes