task6题目 Listening Part:

　　Listen to part of a lecture in a biology class.

　　(female professor) Birds have some of the best vision capabilities in the animal kingdom. Some birds species have vision that is eight to ten times greater than humans. Overall, a bird’s eyes are extremely important for its survival.

　　One aspect of bird’s eyes that plays a role in helping them survive, in other words to find food or to avoid predators, is the position of the eyes in the skull. Some birds have eyes that face forward on the skull, kind of similar to how human’s eyes are positioned. Forward-facing eyes allow a bird to clearly see and judge distances because it can focus on objects with both of its eyes, and correctly perceive height, width and depth. One type of bird with eyes positioned in the front of the skull is the hawk. Hawks eat animals like mice. Hawks have such good eye sight that they can spot a tiny mouse in the field from high up in the air. They spot the mouse and swoop down to catch it. Without such good eye sight, they would not be able to spot or catch their food.

　　Other birds have eyes that are located on each side of the skull. This positioning of the eyes can help a bird to avoid predators. Instead of just seeing what’s directly in front, they can see things that are on either side, permitting them to watch for danger in all directions. Imagine a duck wading near the edge of a lake. It needs to spend time eating grasses and insects, but it also is on constant lookout for danger from its predator, like the fox. An eye on each side of the duck’s head allows it to see a fox approaching from either side. If it spots a fox, it can then fly away to safety. The placement of the eyes are critical in helping the duck avoid predators.

　　Question:

　　Using the examples in the lecture, explain how the position of birds’ eyes is critical to their survival.

　　答案解析：

　　1. Listening key

　　(1.1) Main idea: how the position of a bird’s eyes helps them survive

　　(1.2) First kind: forward facing eyes that help birds find food

　　(1.2.1) Example: hawks have forward facing eyes that allow them to clearly see and judge distances, they can correctly perceive height, width and depth. That’s why they can spot a mouse high up in the sky, and swoop down to catch it when they do

　　(1.3) Second kind: eyes locate on both side that help animals to avoid predators

　　(1.3.1) Example: ducks’ eyes are located on both side of their skull. So when they are eating grasses and insects by the lake, it can see predators like fox approaching from either side. That would give them a chance to fly away to safety.